|
|
- Personal Background
- Fund Background
- Technology and Algos
- Big Picture
Description of Firm:
We began trading in 1993, and our goal from the beginning was to provide not only very interesting stand-alone returns, but to do that in a way that is highly beneficial to our clients’ portfolios — such that we actually ask our prospective investors to look at the statistical significance of the improvement to their existing portfolios. You might think of that as a portfolio Sharpe ratio, in a sense — we’re really trying to help diversify investors’ portfolios as consistently as we perform on our own. There are 30 people in the firm right now, heavily weighted toward the investment side. The majority of our employees are in some way working on our strategy, programming and implementing the strategy.
Assets Under Management:
Approximately $400 million.
Asset Mix:
We’re currently about equally weighted between equity (including stocks), fixed income and foreign exchange. And then about 5 percent to 10 percent is in commodities.
Trading Style:
Our strategy overall can be best described as long “realized volatility.” And we do that by applying a primarily short-term strategy — with durations generally in the one- to five-day range. So people know us as short-term traders. They also associate the word “contrarian” with us — we’ve always tried to avoid being correlated with trend-following strategies. We tend to buy low and sell high, rather than doing what the market is already doing. However, not all we’re doing is contrarian. Lately, as markets have become more electronic and we’ve made a transition toward algorithmic trade execution, we’ve also added a significant element of extremely high-frequency trading, with minutes to less than one-day durations. We’re putting a lot of effort in that direction and think there are a lot of opportunities there.
|
Structure of Trading Operations:
We have about 10 people who we would call trader-researchers, and these are people whose jobs are to develop new trading strategies, to analyze our existing strategies, to look at methods of portfolio allocation and to develop execution strategies for implementing the trading systems that they come up with. In addition, there are four people who are involved exclusively in algorithmic trading, both on the software-development and strategy-development sides. There are a few more who do just execution, and then, of course, we have an IT staff. That works out to be about 22 on the investment side out of 30 people in total.
Products Offered:
Approximately 60 percent of our assets are in the Negative Correlation Program, which is designed to provide substantial equity downside protection — meaning -0.5 correlation to stocks, along the lines of a short seller but in a way that doesn’t have the common disadvantages of short sellers. About 35 percent of our assets are in the Diversified Program; that’s our oldest program. That is designed to have a small negative correlation to funds of funds and equity markets and be an excellent diversifier, but it also doesn’t have quite as much short selling of stocks in it. This program went into effect in 1993 and has always been what we call our flagship program. The next program we have is our TrendHedge program. Here we’re trying to offer investors protection during periods when trends reverse strongly or during periods when there are not a lot of trends. We’ve determined that many portfolios do, in fact, have some vulnerability to trends being less frequent than in the past, so this fund is expected to have a -0.5 correlation or less to commodity trading advisers (CTAs) and global macro, and it works very well for investors who have exposure to trend-following CTAs in their books. And finally, there’s a small fund for individual investors called the Optimal Alpha Fund that combines what we do on our Diversified Program with some extra trend following and extra long equities.
|
INTERNATIONAL TRADING
Does the firm trade internationally?
We trade all the major futures and foreign exchange markets. We also trade stocks from a universe of 2,000 liquid large-cap stocks around the world.
What are the challenges of trading globally?
You have to run three shifts — it requires a significant investment in people. There are some management challenges: How do you oversee and work successfully with people you don’t see very often because they’re working the exact opposite hours to you? But we’ve had a lot of experience there. We’ve been trading 24/7 for 11 or 12 years now. Also, some foreign markets are expensive to trade, which is always a consideration for a short-term trader such as us.
|
Professional Background:
After college, I went to work for a commodity trading adviser that was run by my brother, Victor. After five years there — where I was basically doing what I do now, developing strategies and trading them — I decided it was time for me to offer the ideas I had in an institutional framework, and I recognized that there was a niche for uncorrelated and negatively correlated systematic trading. So I left in 1992, and after about a year of programming and developing my operation, we began trading for clients in July 1993.
Day-to-Day Responsibilities:
I oversee the investment and research process. Perhaps the best way to describe it is that I play the role of a professor with a lot of really brilliant graduate students, where I can mentor them, I can give them advice, but they’re so much better at so many of the individual tasks than I am. In addition, they are meant to maintain their own research process — coming up with ideas and doing scientific analyses of these ideas. Overall, the goal is to create money-making improvements to what we already do.
Education:
I have a degree from Harvard in computational neuroscience, which is the study of how the human brain processes information.
Fun Fact
Something I’m fairly proud of is my musical ability. I’m a nice guy to have around if you have an open piano because I can play pretty much any song you can name, in any key, and can play different string instruments as well.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology Environment
I would call us extremely advanced. Some of the interesting components include an extremely flexible, rule-based algorithmic trading platform that allows us to do any sort of back test and/or implementation of any type of rule or combination of rules you’d like to follow for working an order — anything from, “Go to the market immediately,” to highly complex methods that wait for certain things to occur and then take action and evaluate their performance as the execution process continues. That’s the piece that’s most closely connected to the market. We have a very interesting back-testing engine that has been our core for our whole history, allows testing on thousands of securities at incredibly high speed for any type of generalized rule that we’d like to test and evaluates the portfolio implications. We place a heavy focus on technology, and this is a huge area of investment for us — both in people and in the actual hardware.
Buy vs. Build Strategy
There’s very little that we’ve seen available to purchase that comes even close to what we have internally. In terms of data, that’s easier to purchase at certain times. But for the most part, my philosophy has always been that the tools you use heavily influence the things you build with your tools. Certain commercial products are often designed for what most people want to do; but we always want to take a different path from everyone else. Our tools have been designed from the ground up to answer the questions that we would like to ask about markets, about portfolios, about risk management.
Use of Crossing Networks and Dark Pools
We use them. High-frequency trading requires high liquidity, so we make sure to look at every possible liquidity source.
|
 |
ALGORITHMS & BROKERAGE SERVICES
Prime Brokers
We currently use Calyon, Morgan Stanley and Bear Stearns. In selecting trading counterparties, we look at things like stability, balance sheet, reputation, quality of technology, efficiency of operation and other factors. Recently, for example, we made a few changes because our technology was outpacing our providers’ abilities.
How do you determine which brokers receive your order flow?
We’re looking for the perfect combination of low cost, advanced technology, high speed and reliability. So we’re trying to optimize all those and come up with the best solution in that area as well.
|
BIG PICTURE
Biggest trading opportunities for the firm?
The biggest opportunities occur all over the place, in sequence, and they tend to occur when there’s a lot of volatility. So I can’t say what the biggest opportunity for us will be because I don’t really know where the action is going to be. It’s much more questions like: How afraid are people? Are they complacent? Those represent opportunities to us in the sense that wherever there’s emotion in the market, wherever psychology is driving things, those tend to be places where our models work particularly well. Because levels of emotion, levels of fear, are highly correlated with realized volatility, from this we get our long volatility component. So where are the opportunities? For us, they’re where the volatility is. I wish I could predict that a year out, but that’s what we look for.
Difference between trading for an alternative investment firm vs. trading for a traditional asset manager?
I believe that an alternative investment firm should provide investment strategies that are truly diversifying and truly alternative. Unfortunately, the current state of the industry is such that there is a tremendous confusion of alpha and beta, and many styles of hedge fund management have high correlation to each other and also to stocks. This makes them more like traditional managers, despite the fact that they can go both long and short on stocks. At my firm, we are committed to providing not only attractive stand-alone returns, but also to serving as a true alternative investment by being unique, diversifying and protective.
What is the most challenging aspect of your job?
Staying ahead of the markets as they evolve. I think financial markets act, by their nature, to seek out the weakest participants and cause them the greatest possible losses. And while I don’t think there’s some nefarious force guiding them, I think that’s the natural course of a dynamic system. The fact that markets do have this quality means that they are constantly evolving new ways to take your money. And, in order to stay ahead, you have to continually invest in technology, you have to create new ideas, you have to look in places where no one else is looking, and you have to understand how the other competitors in your space are approaching the same problems and try to stay ahead of them, too. Staying ahead of the markets is the greatest challenge, and it gets harder and harder every year.
Major Industry Trend
You have to rotate your models more rapidly today than you used to. Models that used to work have stopped working with greater rapidity lately. I think that this probably represents the entrance of a large number of players into the hedge fund space in all sectors and all strategies. And for us, we know very quickly when one of our models has stopped working — one of the advantages of high-frequency trading is knowing when something isn’t working anymore very quickly. For longer-term strategies such as trend following, it’s more difficult to tell if the strategy is declining in effectiveness because big trends are very rare to begin with.
Interview Conducted by Randall Devere, Contributing Writer
|