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- Personal Background
- Fund Background
- Technology and Algos
- Big Picture
Description of Firm:
QIM is a commodity trading adviser [CTA] located in Charlottesville, Va. The firm was launched more than five and a half years ago and now provides two programs to clients: the Quantitative Global Program, which is offered through managed accounts as well as via a fund (both onshore and offshore); and the Quantitative Ultra Program, which is offered only through an onshore and offshore fund.
Assets Under Management:
Approximately $1.8 billion.
Approximate trading volume:
QIM's Global Program averages 3,000 round turns per million per year; that equates to about a five- to six-day holding period. QIM's Ultra Program averages 200 round turns per million per year; that equates to about a one- to two-year holding period.
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Products Traded:
Financials, energies and metals -- approximately 30 percent risk allocation to stock indices, 25 percent to currencies and 25 percent to interest rates, with the remaining 20 percent split between energies and metals.
Trading Style:
QIM is a totally systematic trader. We've developed models that we use to dictate whether we want to be long, short or flat in each of the markets that we trade.
Structure of Trading Operations:
The majority of our trading process is automated using proprietary execution algorithms. So the core of our trading staff consists of a head trader. We have one guy running the back office to make sure all the trades get in correctly, and we have a programmer who has built all the algorithms that assist the head trader in conducting the trades. And then we have a couple of other programmers whom we use for support as far as building more of the software and tools that our traders use.
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INTERNATIONAL TRADING
Does the firm trade internationally?
QIM trades in markets across the world. We trade three markets in Asia -- two in Japan and one in Hong Kong. We trade about eight markets in Europe -- all of them are in London and Germany. And then the remainder of the markets (16) is in the U.S.
What are the challenges of trading globally?
The biggest challenge is having traders in the office when the markets are open. I actually do the Asian shift -- those markets, on the East Coast, open at 8 p.m. and later in the evening, so I typically do that. We have other people in the office that can help me if I'm not available. And then our head trader has to come in at 1 o'clock in the morning to trade Europe, goes home to sleep for a couple hours and has to be back for the U.S. open. So that's definitely a logistical problem with trading in markets across the world.
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Professional Background:
My first job as a trader was in 1994, working for my current partner, Jaffray Woodriff, at a small CTA. Jaffray has been trading for about 17 years now, as a CTA and also as a prop trader for Societe Generale in New York. So he has most of the trading experience, and in 2000 Jaffray hired me again to work with him. We started the company that year and began trading the Global Program at the end of 2001. It was just the two of us for the first three years.
Education:
I graduated from the University of Virginia in 1994 with a B.A. in mathematics and a minor in statistics.
Fun Fact
I'm a very happily married man with three wonderful girls.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology Environment
We've developed all of our systems in-house. Jaffray has designed all of the models that we use to predict the market movements, and they've been evolving over the past 17 years. They're all proprietary systems. All the software has been developed by us, with one exception -- we use QuantHouse software, which allows us to write execution algorithms that interact directly with the market.
Buy vs. Build Strategy
We looked to go external -- it certainly would've been a lot easier. But we decided pretty early on that we weren't happy with what people were offering. We thought that we had better ideas -- especially on how to execute trades in the marketplace. So we decided that we should be building our algorithms ourselves. We've looked at using other people's order management systems and we've looked at using other people's back-office software, and every time we realized that we have a very strong team of programmers here. And for the systems that we needed to develop, we thought we would be much better off, in the long run, if we could build customized systems for ourselves.
Who ultimately is responsible for the firm's technology?
Jaffray Woodriff. It's a pretty constant feedback loop between our traders and our programmer, as well as Jaffray and me, to make sure that everyone's on the same page with what kinds of systems need to be developed and how we get our traders the right tools to trade.
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ALGORITHMS & BROKERAGE SERVICES
Use of Algorithms
What we've developed is very similar to a VWAP-type algorithm that takes advantage of liquidity when there's more liquidity in the marketplace to get more volume done during those periods. At the same time, we're trying to spread out our trades over reasonable time frames so we won't be too active in the marketplace. We want to maintain a very small footprint and try to hide our size while we're getting our trades done and not influence the market as we're trading. We're still in the process of developing and improving our own algorithms, so there are times when we still use algorithms either from Trading Technologies or from Lehman's system, TradePipe. But we're using our own algorithms more than either of them.
What role does the physical trader play in complementing your system?
Certainly we'll have a constant feedback loop -- the system is only as smart as the information that you give it. With algorithms that we've developed, they won't be perfect. When we first come up with them, we will need to have a lot of adjustments and feedback. We might see the algorithms get too aggressive in periods when perhaps they shouldn't -- we definitely will need people to monitor that and to monitor the fills after the fact to try and understand why our algorithms have done certain things. And sometimes it will be very apparent that our algorithms aren't being as efficient as possible, so we will need traders with experience to fine-tune the algorithms to make them as powerful as possible.
Prime and Executing Brokers
On the FX side, it's Deutsche Bank. On the futures side, QIM executes trades through Fimat and accounts clear through several futures commission merchants [FCMs].
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BIG PICTURE
Biggest trading opportunities for the firm?
A big opportunity for QIM going forward is to continue to manage and reduce slippage cost. In 2006, we were fairly active, and as our assets grew rapidly, we realized that we were leaving money on the table not because our models weren't good enough but because the slippage got to be too large. And that's what prompted us to develop our own algorithms. We also changed the way that we did executions and allocated risk to the markets to better handle our growth and assets and at the same time reduce our slippage cost. Going forward, it's a constant struggle as we continue to grow to make sure our algorithms and our execution strategy are sufficient to maintain the results that we expect and that our clients expect. There's a lot of additional money to be made if you can reduce your slippage, so we are constantly evaluating that.
Difference between trading for an alternative investment firm vs. trading for a traditional asset manager?
For us, our goal is to get the actual trader out of the picture and let algorithms do the trading for us. That's probably a year away for us -- to make sure our algorithms are robust enough to be run in the middle of the night with nobody watching them. Nothing against traders, of course, but computers and machines are much better at executing than are people. There's too much emotion involved when traders are trading. If you have algorithms that never forget anything and can learn from how they've been trading in the past, that's much more valuable than having a physical trader executing your trades in the marketplace.
What is the most challenging aspect of your job?
Managing the growth of our firm. In two years, we've gone from about $12 million in assets to just under $2 billion. So there's a lot more pressure in general to maintain our performance because we have a lot of new clients coming in who expect us to do as well as we've been doing. The infrastructure of our firm is set up very nicely to handle the asset growth, but there are some growing pains. 2006 was a difficult year for us, partially due to the rapid growth. Returns weren't as good as they were and as they should have been. I think in 2007 we're back on track and having a very good year. Clients realize that the problems we had last year were due to slippage and growth in assets. But it's a constant struggle, as we continue to grow, to maintain our edge in the marketplace.
Major Industry Trend
What we've seen, talking to a lot of the allocators or investors in the CTA space, is that there is starting to be a shift toward more short-term traders. We certainly can attest to that, with our rapid asset growth. So I'm seeing a lot more people looking favorably upon short-term traders, whereas before they tended to shy away from them. Going forward, I hope that trend continues. Short-term traders do offer a lot of added diversification and are able to do well in markets that are sometimes difficult for longer-term CTAs.
Interview Conducted by Randall Devere, Contributing Writer
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